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Copyright estate of the artist | | | Picabia, Francis (1879 - 1953) France
Balance, 1919-20
Oil on cardboard; 60 x 44 cm Dada
UID 102-445
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Biography
French painter and writer, Picabia was one of the most important figures in the Dada movement in France and the United States. He studied at the Ecole des Arts Décoratifs in Paris between 1895 and 1897 and immediately gained recognition for his Impressionist-inspired landscapes. These works, exhibited in various Paris salons, were particularly close to those of Camile Pissarro and Alfred Sisley. In the first decade of the century, Picabia was fascinated by the vanguard ideas that appeared, above all, through Orphism which Apollinaire launched in 1912. This strong influence led him to give up his experiments with Impressionism and Pointillism and begin to concentrate on compositions which were Cubist in tendency, immensely coloured and rich in contrasts. In 1912, he exhibited with the Section d'Or group and, in 1913, at the Armony Show in New York. During the First World War, Picabia travelled to various countries, finally settling, in 1916, in New York where he collaborated with the photographer Alfred Stieglitz, in his Gallery 291 and the magazine of the same name. During this period, he also became close to Duchamp. Later in the same year, he established himself in Barcelona, where he published the first issue of the magazine 391 in allusion to his involvement with 291 in New York. The 19 issues published between 1917 and 1924 were of fundamental importance for the development of Dada in Paris. In 1919, he returned Paris and, until 1924, it was there that he produced his most important Dadaist works. At this time, his literary pamphlets caused tremendous scandal as did his deliberately shocking drawings. In 1924, Picabia cut his relations with the Surrealists and turned his back on Paris and the art establishment. In 1925, on moving to a house near Cannes, his work underwent major changes which are visible, for example, in a series of paintings entitled Monsters. In 1927, he executed the first work in a series which he would work on until 1931 entitled Transparencies, in which he made use of former artists such as Piero della Francesca, Botticelli and Guido Reni. In this period, he painted according to a realist technique, cold in character, aggressive and disturbing. In the 40s, he produced a series of strongly erotic paintings featuring nude feminine figures. These "kitsch" works were considered, by some, a way of solving the artist's financial difficulties and, by others, the great precursors of Pop Art. At the end of the Second World War, Picabia returned to Paris and concentrated on inventing new methods and recycling features of his previous work. Although as a Dada artist, Picabia had received considerable recognition, it was only in the 80s that his art and particularly his final, more controversial phases, was re-evaluated by the young American and European artists, such as David Salle and Sigmar Polke. Artistic trends have appeared where the complexities of Picabia's development continue to prove influential.
Exhibitions
Francis Picabia Grand Palais, France 23-01-1976 ~ 29-03-1976
O Surrealismo Centro Cultural Banco do Brasil (CCBB), Brazil 20-08-2001 ~ 28-10-2001
O Surrealismo na Colecção Berardo - Estranho Desenho Palácio da Galeria, Câmara Municipal de Tavira, Portugal 12-07-2003 ~ 14-09-2003
Um paseo por la vanguardia española. Instantánea de Ramón Gómez de la Serna Museo Historíco Provincial "Doctor Julio Marc", Argentina 17-11-2004 ~ 20-02-2005
Fernando Lemos and Surrealism - The Berardo Collection Sintra Museu de Arte Moderna - Colecção Berardo (SMAM-CB), Portugal 26-11-2005 ~ 18-06-2006
Colecção Berardo Collection 1917-1999 Centro Cultural de Belém (CCB), Portugal 27-01-2000 ~ 27-08-2000
Durante o Fim - Rui Chafes Sintra Museu de Arte Moderna - Colecção Berardo (SMAM-CB), Portugal 15-10-2000 ~ 14-01-2001
Los ismos de Ramón Gómez de la Serna y un apéndice circense Museo Nacional, Centro de Arte Reina Sofia, Spain 05-06-2002 ~ 25-08-2002
Territórios Singulares na Colecção Berardo Sintra Museu de Arte Moderna - Colecção Berardo (SMAM-CB), Portugal 22-10-2002 ~ 28-02-2003
Francis Picabia (NY) The Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum of Art, USA 01-01-1970 ~ 31-12-1970
Francis Picabia Singulier idéal Musée d'Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris, France 16-11-2002 ~ 16-03-2003
Francis Picabia (Paris) Centre Georges Pompidou, France 01-01-1996 ~ 31-12-1996
Aquisições Recentes da Colecção Berardo Sintra Museu de Arte Moderna - Colecção Berardo (SMAM-CB), Portugal 17-05-1998 ~ 04-04-1999
Nova Apresentação da Colecção Berardo Sintra Museu de Arte Moderna - Colecção Berardo (SMAM-CB), Portugal 08-11-1999 ~ 01-03-2000
O Surrealismo na Colecção Berardo - Estranho Desenho, Sintra Sintra Museu de Arte Moderna - Colecção Berardo (SMAM-CB), Portugal 04-07-2001 ~ 30-06-2001
Fernando Lemos e o Surrealismo - Colecção Berardo Centro das Artes Casa das Mudas, Calheta, Madeira, Portugal 08-07-2006 ~ 31-01-2007
Berardo Museum Opening Museu Colecção Berardo, Portugal 25-06-2007 ~ 24-08-2008
De Miró à Warhol. La Collection Berardo à Paris Musée du Luxembourg, France 16-10-2008 ~ 22-02-2009
Arriscar o Real Museu Colecção Berardo, Portugal 08-06-2009 ~ 30-09-2009
Fragmentos Arte Contemporânea na Colecção Berardo MACE, Museu de Arte Contemporânea de Elvas, Portugal 24-09-2010 ~ 23-01-2011
Quick, Quick, Slow - Texto, Imagem e Tempo Museu Colecção Berardo, Portugal 11-09-2009 ~ 29-11-2009
Tudo o que é Sólido Museu Colecção Berardo, Portugal 07-06-2010 ~ 12-09-2010
Bibliography
Colecção Berardo Collection 1917-1999, 2000 Published by CCB - Centro Cultural de Belém ISBN 972817652X
Fernando Lemos and Surrealism , 2005 Published by Sintra Museu de Arte Moderna - Colecção Berardo ISBN 9729903026
Fernando Lemos e o Surrealismo – Colecção Berardo, 2006 Published by Centro das Artes - Casa das Mudas ISBN 9728902034
Francis Picabia, 1970 Published by The Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum
Francis Picabia Published by Grand Palais
Francis Picabia Singulier idéal, 2002 Published by Musée d'Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris
Joan Miró: Magnetic Fields Published by Foundation Solomon R. Guggenheim
Los ismos de Ramón Gómez de la Serna y un apéndice circense, 2002 Published by Museu Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofía
O Surrealismo, 2001 Published by Centro Cultural Banco do Brasil
O Surrealismo na Colecção Berardo - Estranho Desenho, 2001 Published by Sintra Museu de Arte Moderna - Colecção Berardo ISBN 9729742847
O Surrealismo na Colecção Berardo - Estranho Desenho, 2003 Published by Palácio da Galeria, Câmara Municipal de Tavira ISBN 9728705050
Territórios Singulares na Colecção Berardo, 2002 Published by Sintra Museu de Arte Moderna - Colecção Berardo ISBN 972974288X
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