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Copyright estate of the artist
 Richier, Germaine (1902 - 1959)
France

La Mante, grande, 1946/51

Bronze;
168 x 72 x 72 cm
European Sculpture

UID 102-482



Biography

French sculptor and illustrator, Richier began her career in sculpture in 1922, working with Louis-Jacques Guigues, director of the Ecole des Beaux-Arts in Montpellier for three years. In 1925, she moved to Paris where she worked with Emile-Antoine Bourdelle and, in 1934, she had her first one-woman show at the Max Kaganovitch Gallery. In the same year, she took part in the exhibition La Passion du Christ dans l'art français at the Trocadero and, two years later, received the Blumenthal prize. In 1937, she received an honorary diploma at the Paris Universal Exhibition. Her work remained essentially figurative until the Second World War and, as from the 40s, her work was influenced by Giacometti. In 1948 she exhibited, at the Maeght Gallery in Paris, large sculptures in bronze revealing a universe of disturbing and metamorphosed creatures. Between 1948 and 1954, she regularly took part in the Venice Biennal. In 1950, she was one of the leading women artists in the School of Paris and, in 1951, worked with Vieira da Silva and Hartung. In 1955, she took part in an exhibition organised by the Museum of Modern Art in New York and, in 1956, had a major retrospective in Paris. In 1959 and 1964, she took part in Documenta 2 and 3 in Kassel. Her figures are creatures somewhere between human and animal with references to the apocalyptic symbolism of Surrealist fantasy. Despite her premature death, her influence was considerable on the generation of post war British sculptors, such as Reg Butler, Armitage, Chadwick, César and Saint-Phalle.



Exhibitions

Les Pionniers de la Sculpture Contemporaine
Stedelijk Museum (Amsterdam), The Netherlands
01-01-1948 ~ 30-12-1948

Sculpteurs Contemporains de l'Ecole de Paris
Kunsthalle (Bern), Switzerland
01-01-1948 ~ 30-12-1948

Arp, Germaine Richier, Laurens
Galerie d'Art Moderne, Basel, Germany
01-01-1948 ~ 30-12-1948

La Biennale di Venezia
La Biennale di Venezia, Italy
01-01-1950 ~ 31-12-1950

The Sculpture of Germaine Richier
Allan Frumkin Gallery, USA
01-01-1950 ~ 31-12-1950

Bienal de São Paulo
Bienal de São Paulo, Brazil
01-01-1950 ~ 31-12-1950

Germaine Richier, Cesar, Louis Lutz, Skulpturen
Gimpel Fils, Ltd, United Kingdom
01-02-1970 ~ 30-04-1970

Biennale Middelheim, Antwerp
Biennale Middelheim, Antwerp, Belgium
01-06-1953 ~ 30-09-1953

Germaine Richier (Galerie Maeght Lelong, Paris)
Galerie Maeght Lelong, France
01-10-1948 ~ 30-11-1948

Germaine Richier (Paris)
Musée d'Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris, France
01-10-1956 ~ 30-11-1956

Germaine Richier (Minneapolis)
Walker Art Center, USA
01-09-1958 ~ 30-11-1958

Germaine Richier (Zurich)
Kunsthaus (Zürich), Switzerland
01-06-1963 ~ 31-07-1963

O Surrealismo na Colecção Berardo - Estranho Desenho, Sintra
Sintra Museu de Arte Moderna - Colecção Berardo (SMAM-CB), Portugal
04-07-2001 ~ 30-06-2001

Erich Kahn - Forgotten Generation Jewish Survivor German Expressionist
Sintra Museu de Arte Moderna - Colecção Berardo (SMAM-CB), Portugal
05-05-2005 ~ 09-10-2005

Sculpture of Germaine Richier, Roger Lacourière
Anglo French Centre, United Kingdom
01-09-1949 ~ 30-09-1947

The Sculpture of Germaine Richier
Martha Jackson Gallery, USA
01-11-1957 ~ 31-12-1957

Sculpture by Germaine Richier (Boston)
University of Fine and Applied Arts (Boston), USA
01-01-1959 ~ 28-02-1959

The Berardo Collection
Sintra Museu de Arte Moderna - Colecção Berardo (SMAM-CB), Portugal
17-05-1997 ~ 31-08-1997

Colecção Berardo Collection 1917-1999
Centro Cultural de Belém (CCB), Portugal
27-01-2000 ~ 27-08-2000

O Surrealismo na Colecção Berardo - Estranho Desenho
Palácio da Galeria, Câmara Municipal de Tavira, Portugal
12-07-2003 ~ 14-09-2003

Germaine Richier (Humlebaek)
Louisiana Museum of Modern Art (Humlebaek), Denmark
01-08-1988 ~ 01-09-1988

Germaine Richier (Arles)
Musée Réattu, France
01-07-1964 ~ 01-09-1964

L'Art en Europe, les Années décisives 1945-1953
Musée d'Art Moderne de St. Etienne, France
01-12-1987 ~ 28-02-1988

Germaine Richier (Berlin)
Akademie der Künste (Berlin), Germany
07-09-1997 ~ 02-11-1997

Contemporâneos de Arpad Szenes e Vieira da Silva na Collecção Berardo
Fundação Arpad Szenes - Vieira da Silva, Portugal
06-03-2002 ~ 16-06-2002

Nova Apresentação da Colecção Berardo
Sintra Museu de Arte Moderna - Colecção Berardo (SMAM-CB), Portugal
08-11-1999 ~ 01-03-2000

Durante o Fim - Rui Chafes
Sintra Museu de Arte Moderna - Colecção Berardo (SMAM-CB), Portugal
15-10-2000 ~ 14-01-2001

Fernando Lemos e o Surrealismo - Colecção Berardo
Centro das Artes Casa das Mudas, Calheta, Madeira, Portugal
08-07-2006 ~ 31-01-2007

De Miró à Warhol. La Collection Berardo à Paris
Musée du Luxembourg, France
16-10-2008 ~ 22-02-2009


Bibliography

2a Biennale di Scultura, Anvers, 1953

70 Portretten en Ontmoetingen, 1977

Christie's, Contemporary Art, 1994
Published by Christie's

Colecção Berardo Collection 1917-1999, 2000
Published by CCB - Centro Cultural de Belém
ISBN 972817652X

Contemporâneos de Arpad Szenes e Vieira da Silva na Colecção Berardo, 2002
Published by Fundação Arpad Szenes - Vieira da Silva
ISBN 9728467192

Fernando Lemos e o Surrealismo – Colecção Berardo, 2006
Published by Centro das Artes - Casa das Mudas
ISBN 9728902034

Germaine Richier, 1948
Published by Galerie A. Maeght

Germaine Richier, 1988
Published by Louisiana Museum of Modern Art

Germaine Richier, 1997
Published by Akademie der Künste

Germaine Richier, 1956
Published by Musée Nationale d'Art Moderne

Germaine Richier, 1964
Published by Musée Réattu

Germaine Richier, 1963
Published by Kunsthalle

Ière Biennale, 1950
Published by O Museu de Arte Moderna

L'Art en Europe, les Années décisives 1945-1953, 1988
Published by Musée d'Art Moderne de Saint Etienne,

O Surrealismo na Colecção Berardo - Estranho Desenho, 2003
Published by Palácio da Galeria, Câmara Municipal de Tavira
ISBN 9728705050

O Surrealismo na Colecção Berardo - Estranho Desenho, 2001
Published by Sintra Museu de Arte Moderna - Colecção Berardo
ISBN 9729742847

Sculpteurs Contemporains de L'Ecole de Paris, 1948
Published by Kunsthalle

Sculpture by Germaine Richier, 1959
Published by University of Fine and Applied Arts

Sculpture of Germaine Richier, 1947
Published by Anglo French Center, London

Sculpture of Germaine Richier, 1958
Published by Walker Art Centre

The Berardo Collection – Sintra Museum of Modern Art, 1996
Published by Sintra Museu de Arte Moderna - Colecção Berardo
ISBN 9729739105

The Sculpture of Germaine Richier, 1957
Published by Martha Jackson Gallery

The Sculpture of Germaine Richier, 1950
Published by The Allan Frumkin Gallery







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